The Special Olympic Games for the disabled is the world large-scale and integrated games which is supported by International Paralympic Committee. Beijing won the right to stage the 2008 Olympic Games in 2001.It is the basis of staging and holding the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games to analyze the physical and mental characteristics and needs of different types of disabled athletes. This study explains the physical and mental characteristics of visually and physically disabled athletes, and analyzes their needs accordingly to help promote the construction of Olympic culture, and realize humanity Olympic.